Urinary and kidney DNA spacer Urinary system: diseases of the urinary tract includes the kidneys, renal pelvis or pelvis, ureters, urinary bladder and ureter. The kidneys
retroperitoneal organs located on either side of the lumbar spine, have to consider a more cortical 'bone marrow and a darker more' clear: this is' formed by the renal pyramids of Malpighi quotes those whose taste buds flowing into the minor calyx; among creep pyramids as extensions of the cortical columns of Bertin.
The nephron and 'unity' function of the kidney and it 'with that of the plasma apparatus ultrafissazione glomerulus and a processing apparatus that convoluted tubule of ultrafiltration in urine .. This operation also contribute to the header pipes which run parallel in the pyramids of Malpighi and ensure the transport of urine in the renal calices.
Each kidney consists of 1-3 million nephrons whose length is 30-38 mm.
Each nephron has to consider a glomerulus and a tubular apparatus.
The glomerulus and 'contained in the capsule of Bowman and has a vascular pole and a pole urinifero. From
vascular pole penetrates the afferent arteriole is divided into several loops, resulting in capllari efferent arteriole which leaves the glomerulus, also from the vascular pole, this admirable net glomerular is composed of capillaries lined by endothelium resting on a basement membrane. capsular space of Bowman and carpeted by a squamous epithelium that parietal which is outside the basement membrane of capillaries glomerulari.Le epithelial cells of this package are called podocytes .
Among the twists of the rete mirabile capillary cells are called mesenchymal cells of the mesangium. From pole
urinifero capsular space of Bowman glomerular filtrate passes into the proximal convoluted tubule.
The tubular apparatus begins with the proximal convoluted tubule carpeted by a monolayer epithelium with brush border. It continues in the bend of Henle consists of descending into an arm Pyramids of Malpighi.
The kidneys and 'richly vascularized and renal blood flow is about 120 ml / min.
The renal artery is divided, as you know, starting interlobar branches in the hilum along the columns of Bertin. These
, arrived at the base of the pyramids, they fold to form the arcuate arteries which branch off from the cortex to the interlobular arteries that give rise to afferent arterioles.
The venous outflow is through the arcuate veins, interlobar veins, and the renal vein, a tributary of the inferior vena cava.
The renal pelvis, formed by the confluence of 2-3 more glasses and these glasses by the confluence of several minor: collect urine flow in the ureter after making a long open retroperitoneal urinary bladder.
The urethra, very short in women, includes a rear portion of the prostate in humans, which lead into the seminal vesicles, and anterior or penile.
Approximately 1300 ml of blood through the kidneys every minute where they are subjected to ultrafiltration.
The glomerular filtration rate is not 'produced by activity' of the secretory kidney but the energy of myocardial contraction that is transmitted by blood pressure to afferent arterioles.
pressure exceeds the pressure filtration and plasma colloid-osmotic EPress capsular space a totally ultrafiltrate protein-free, having a composition identical to that of crystalloid plasma. If all the glomerular ultrafiltrate was excreted by diuresis would be equal to 180 liters in 24 hours. and instead 'just one and a half' cause 178.5 liters are reabsorbed by the tubules, which appear so strongly involved in conservation of water and solutes.
The kidney then, my dear, is the main route of excretion of some end products of protein catabolism: urea, uric acid, creatinine. Creatinine is filtered and reabsorbed, urea and that 'the daily catabolic most' important, is for 1 / 3 reabsorbed and contributes to the maintenance of hyperosmolarity 'bone marrow. The kidney exerts
with extreme precision tubular reabsorption of substances important to the economy of the organism whose loss would be detrimental. Remember the glucose, aminoacidei, football. reabsorbed by the tubules that against a concentration gradient, then with an active mechanism that reduces energy and that is just saturated to a certain sogliache is about 180 mg%.
The kidney and 'player of the conservation body's water balance. It carries out this action due to the reabsorption of sodium which is related resorption is obligatory reabsorption of water optional. So
optional water reabsorption through the sodium is actively reabsorbed by the cells of the tubules proximal kidney and water.
resorption optional rinse water in the collecting tubule due to the mechanism and action to counter post-pituitary antidiuretic hormone ADH, which results in a significant increase in urinary concentration.
tract epithelium ascending limb of Henle is permeable to sodium and water resistant: Sodium reabsorbed spreads laterally in the interstitial tissue but partly covered by the branch siscendente of Henle's loop where the flow moves in the urinary low.
Thanks to a mechanism to counter the urine takes on the physiology of high osmolarity 'and adjusts its power CONCENTRATION dilution.
The kidneys and 'essential for the maintenance of blood pH to 7.4
A particularly important day of all is certainly the Holy Week Holy Thursday. 
