These are the follicular stem cells, studied in Drosophila
Some stem cells take charge of their environment, shaping it to control the division and cell differentiation. And 'the findings from a study conducted by researchers at Rockefeller University AM direct from O'Reilly which report on Journal of Cell Biology . According to the classical view
stem cells are grown as an infant: lel surrounding host cells in a structure called the niche that not only provides nourishment but also to shift their behavior, determining whether they should reproduce and specialize. In other words, the niche is to give shape to the stem and not vice versa. Now
O'Reilly and his colleagues found evidence of more active stem cells while studying how these cells are held in the Drosophila ovary anchored to the insect. Previous research has shown that stem cells of the ovaries remain attached to their niche through the protein E-cadherin, but there remained the question of whether they also depend on integrins, surface proteins that bind the molecules of the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton.
The researchers found that follicle stem cells (FSC) escape from their niche when they are carriers of the mutant integrin. These cells have an abnormal shape, divide more slowly and have a characteristic shared with some cancer cells, not to stop when they come into contact with other cells.
Integrins attach to extracellular matrix protein called laminin A, normally pumped out by the same FSC. The mutant stem cells were not yet able to produce their own "docking" and reproduce slowly. The researchers also showed that the two other types of stem cells present in the ovaries, the germ stem cells and spare, do not produce integrins anchor. E 'therefore the interaction between laminin A and integrins to ensure that stem cells remain in place, showing that the FSC contribute the definition of their environment.
Federico Cesareo
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